What do all businesses, regardless of product or service, have in common? Employees! Unless you're a sole entrepreneur, you'll have to plan for, find, hire, train, manage, and possibly fire people. Human resource management encompasses all of these roles. Human resource management (HRM or HR) is the process of overseeing and managing human resources. It is a role in organisations that aims to maximise staff performance in order to achieve a company's strategic goals. Human resources (HR) is largely concerned with the management of people inside businesses, with an emphasis on policies and systems. Employee benefits design, employee recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, and rewarding are all common actions carried out by HR departments in firms. HR is a product of the early twentieth-century human relations movement, when researchers began researching ways to create commercial value through strategic personnel management.