The field of molecular biology overlaps with biology and chemistry and in particular, genetics and biochemistry. Molecular biology is a field of science concerned with studying the chemical structures and processes of biological phenomena that involve the basic units of life. It emerged during 1930s. A key area of molecular biology concerns understanding how various cellular systems interact in terms of the way DNA, RNA and protein synthesis function. It looks at the molecular mechanisms behind processes such as replication, transcription, translation and cell function. It seeks to understand the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules through techniques such as X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. This particularly seeks to understand the molecular basis of genetic processes; molecular biologists map the location of genes on specific chromosomes, associate these genes with particular characters of an organism, and use genetic engineering to isolate, sequence, and modify specific genes.

Malavika Menon

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