The branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms and their different metabolic activities is termed as Microbiology. The microorganisms are playing a very important role in human civilization ad their development. They play an important role in food dairy, Environment till and destruction of microorganisms. The study of Microorganisms that are associated with milk and milk products in all aspects is defined as Dairy Microbiology. In milk microorganisms play a vital role in production of many products.The area of dairy microbiology is large and diverse. The bacteria in dairy products may cause disease or spoilage. Some bacteria may be specifically added to milk for fermentation to produce products like yoghurts and cheese. The sources of microbiology in milk are udder in cow, water, utensils and equipments, milk persons, air from cow shed, feeds etc. The quality of milk is judged by certain standards and it is known as grading milk. Grading of milk is based upon regulations pertaining to production, processing and distribution. This includes sanitation, pasteurization, holding conditions and microbiological standards.

Affrin Sulthana B

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