"In genetics, conjugation is the phenomenon by which genetic material is transferred through direct contact between two cells (same organism) without getting multiplied or reproduced. During this process, the amount of genetic information transfered can be in a large amount when compared to transduction or transformation. This is a type of sexual reproduction in bacteria, where one acts as donor and other is the recipient of genetic material. There is a pilus present in the bacteria for connecting with other and circular rings of DNA or plasmid is transferred. It is a horizontal gene transfer, as it is not passed on to next generation. The donor bacterium carries a fertility factor or F factor which is always transferred from male to female mainly for having some sort genetic advantage. Transfer of plasmids with antibiotic resistance genes can be obtained in laboratory conditions and have applications in genetic engineering. More details can be obtained from the powerpoint presentation."

Sreelakshmi Sethumadhavan

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