Throughout history, both small and large nations have elevated certain types of nonelected workers to positions of relative power within the governmental structure. Collectively, these essential workers are called the bureaucracy. Bureaucracy employs a division of labor under which work is separated into smaller tasks assigned to different people or groups. Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large institution, whether publicly owned or privately owned. In modern usage, modern bureaucracy has been defined as comprising four features-hierarchy, continuity, impersonality (prescribed rules and operating rules rather than arbitrary actions), expertise (officials are chosen according to merit, have been trained, and hold access to knowledge). Public administration is the implementation of government policy. Administrators tend to work with both paper documents and computer files.

Dency Varghese

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